Anatomic features of the neck as predictive markers of difficult direct laryngoscopy in men and women: A prospective study
Identifieur interne : 001C91 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001C90; suivant : 001C92Anatomic features of the neck as predictive markers of difficult direct laryngoscopy in men and women: A prospective study
Auteurs : Liaskou Chara [Grèce] ; Vouzounerakis Eleftherios [Grèce] ; Moirasgenti Maria [Grèce] ; Trikoupi Anastasia [Grèce] ; Staikou Chryssoula [Grèce]Source :
- Indian Journal of Anaesthesia [ 0019-5049 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Difficult airway assessment is based on various anatomic parameters of upper airway, much of it being concentrated on oral cavity and the pharyngeal structures. The diagnostic value of tests based on neck anatomy in predicting difficult laryngoscopy was assessed in this prospective, open cohort study.
We studied 341 adult patients scheduled to receive general anaesthesia. Thyromental distance (TMD), sternomental distance (STMD), ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD) and neck circumference (NC) were measured pre-operatively. The laryngoscopic view was classified according to the Cormack–Lehane Grade (1-4). Difficult laryngoscopy was defined as Cormack–Lehane Grade 3 or 4. The optimal cut-off points for each variable were identified by using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each test. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression, including all variables, was used to create a predictive model. Comparisons between genders were also performed.
Laryngoscopy was difficult in 12.6% of the patients. The cut-off values were: TMD ≤7 cm, STMD ≤15 cm, RHTMD >18.4 and NC >37.5 cm. The RHTMD had the highest sensitivity (88.4%) and NPV (95.2%), while TMD had the highest specificity (83.9%). The area under curve (AUC) for the TMD, STMD, RHTMD and NC was 0.63, 0.64, 0.62 and 0.54, respectively. The predictive model exhibited a higher and statistically significant diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.68,
The TMD, STMD, RHTMD and NC were found to be poor single predictors of difficult laryngoscopy, while a model including all four variables had a significant predictive accuracy. Among the studied tests, gender-specific cut-off points should be used for NC.
Url:
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.130822
PubMed: 24963183
PubMed Central: 4050935
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 002037
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 002037
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 001620
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 005217
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 005217
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 005217
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 001C98
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 001C91
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Anatomic features of the neck as predictive markers of difficult direct laryngoscopy in men and women: A prospective study</title><author><name sortKey="Chara, Liaskou" sort="Chara, Liaskou" uniqKey="Chara L" first="Liaskou" last="Chara">Liaskou Chara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesiology, General Hospital of Rethymnon, Rethymnon, Crete, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesiology, General Hospital of Rethymnon, Rethymnon, Crete</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Crete</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eleftherios, Vouzounerakis" sort="Eleftherios, Vouzounerakis" uniqKey="Eleftherios V" first="Vouzounerakis" last="Eleftherios">Vouzounerakis Eleftherios</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Internal Medicine, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thessaloniki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maria, Moirasgenti" sort="Maria, Moirasgenti" uniqKey="Maria M" first="Moirasgenti" last="Maria">Moirasgenti Maria</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Intensive Care Unit, University General Hospital “AHEPA”, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Unit, University General Hospital “AHEPA”</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University General Hospital “AHEPA”</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anastasia, Trikoupi" sort="Anastasia, Trikoupi" uniqKey="Anastasia T" first="Trikoupi" last="Anastasia">Trikoupi Anastasia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Anaesthesiology, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesiology, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thessaloniki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chryssoula, Staikou" sort="Chryssoula, Staikou" uniqKey="Chryssoula S" first="Staikou" last="Chryssoula">Staikou Chryssoula</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Anaesthesiology, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesiology, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, Athens</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Attique (région)</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24963183</idno><idno type="pmc">4050935</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4050935</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4050935</idno><idno type="doi">10.4103/0019-5049.130822</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002037</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002037</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002037</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002037</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001620</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001620</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">005217</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">005217</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">005217</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0019-5049:2014:Chara L:anatomic:features:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001C98</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001C91</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001C91</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Anatomic features of the neck as predictive markers of difficult direct laryngoscopy in men and women: A prospective study</title><author><name sortKey="Chara, Liaskou" sort="Chara, Liaskou" uniqKey="Chara L" first="Liaskou" last="Chara">Liaskou Chara</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Anaesthesiology, General Hospital of Rethymnon, Rethymnon, Crete, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesiology, General Hospital of Rethymnon, Rethymnon, Crete</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Crete</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eleftherios, Vouzounerakis" sort="Eleftherios, Vouzounerakis" uniqKey="Eleftherios V" first="Vouzounerakis" last="Eleftherios">Vouzounerakis Eleftherios</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Internal Medicine, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thessaloniki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maria, Moirasgenti" sort="Maria, Moirasgenti" uniqKey="Maria M" first="Moirasgenti" last="Maria">Moirasgenti Maria</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Intensive Care Unit, University General Hospital “AHEPA”, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Unit, University General Hospital “AHEPA”</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University General Hospital “AHEPA”</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anastasia, Trikoupi" sort="Anastasia, Trikoupi" uniqKey="Anastasia T" first="Trikoupi" last="Anastasia">Trikoupi Anastasia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Anaesthesiology, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesiology, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thessaloniki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chryssoula, Staikou" sort="Chryssoula, Staikou" uniqKey="Chryssoula S" first="Staikou" last="Chryssoula">Staikou Chryssoula</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Anaesthesiology, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesiology, Aretaieion Hospital, School of Medicine, Athens</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Attique (région)</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Indian Journal of Anaesthesia</title><idno type="ISSN">0019-5049</idno><idno type="eISSN">0976-2817</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="st1"><title>Background and Aims:</title><p>Difficult airway assessment is based on various anatomic parameters of upper airway, much of it being concentrated on oral cavity and the pharyngeal structures. The diagnostic value of tests based on neck anatomy in predicting difficult laryngoscopy was assessed in this prospective, open cohort study.</p></sec><sec id="st2"><title>Methods:</title><p>We studied 341 adult patients scheduled to receive general anaesthesia. Thyromental distance (TMD), sternomental distance (STMD), ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD) and neck circumference (NC) were measured pre-operatively. The laryngoscopic view was classified according to the Cormack–Lehane Grade (1-4). Difficult laryngoscopy was defined as Cormack–Lehane Grade 3 or 4. The optimal cut-off points for each variable were identified by using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each test. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression, including all variables, was used to create a predictive model. Comparisons between genders were also performed.</p></sec><sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title><p>Laryngoscopy was difficult in 12.6% of the patients. The cut-off values were: TMD ≤7 cm, STMD ≤15 cm, RHTMD >18.4 and NC >37.5 cm. The RHTMD had the highest sensitivity (88.4%) and NPV (95.2%), while TMD had the highest specificity (83.9%). The area under curve (AUC) for the TMD, STMD, RHTMD and NC was 0.63, 0.64, 0.62 and 0.54, respectively. The predictive model exhibited a higher and statistically significant diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.68, <italic>P</italic> < 0.001). Gender-specific cut-off points improved the predictive accuracy of NC in women (AUC: 0.65).</p></sec><sec id="st4"><title>Conclusions:</title><p>The TMD, STMD, RHTMD and NC were found to be poor single predictors of difficult laryngoscopy, while a model including all four variables had a significant predictive accuracy. Among the studied tests, gender-specific cut-off points should be used for NC.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Niven, As" uniqKey="Niven A">AS Niven</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doerschug, Kc" uniqKey="Doerschug K">KC Doerschug</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Samsoon, Gl" uniqKey="Samsoon G">GL Samsoon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Young, Jr" uniqKey="Young J">JR Young</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cormack, Rs" uniqKey="Cormack R">RS Cormack</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lehane, J" uniqKey="Lehane J">J Lehane</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shiga, T" uniqKey="Shiga T">T Shiga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wajima, Z" uniqKey="Wajima Z">Z Wajima</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inoue, T" uniqKey="Inoue T">T Inoue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sakamoto, A" uniqKey="Sakamoto A">A Sakamoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Crosby, Et" uniqKey="Crosby E">ET Crosby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Rm" uniqKey="Cooper R">RM Cooper</name></author><author><name sortKey="Douglas, Mj" uniqKey="Douglas M">MJ Douglas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doyle, Dj" uniqKey="Doyle D">DJ Doyle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hung, Or" uniqKey="Hung O">OR Hung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Labrecque, P" uniqKey="Labrecque P">P Labrecque</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mallampati, Sr" uniqKey="Mallampati S">SR Mallampati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gatt, Sp" uniqKey="Gatt S">SP Gatt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gugino, Ld" uniqKey="Gugino L">LD Gugino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desai, Sp" uniqKey="Desai S">SP Desai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Waraksa, B" uniqKey="Waraksa B">B Waraksa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freiberger, D" uniqKey="Freiberger D">D Freiberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Merah, Na" uniqKey="Merah N">NA Merah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Dt" uniqKey="Wong D">DT Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ffoulkes Crabbe, Dj" uniqKey="Ffoulkes Crabbe D">DJ Ffoulkes-Crabbe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kushimo, Ot" uniqKey="Kushimo O">OT Kushimo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bode, Co" uniqKey="Bode C">CO Bode</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Zh" uniqKey="Khan Z">ZH Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kashfi, A" uniqKey="Kashfi A">A Kashfi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ebrahimkhani, E" uniqKey="Ebrahimkhani E">E Ebrahimkhani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shah, Pj" uniqKey="Shah P">PJ Shah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dubey, Kp" uniqKey="Dubey K">KP Dubey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yadav, Jp" uniqKey="Yadav J">JP Yadav</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Patil, Vu" uniqKey="Patil V">VU Patil</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stehling, Lc" uniqKey="Stehling L">LC Stehling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zauder, Hl" uniqKey="Zauder H">HL Zauder</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baker, Pa" uniqKey="Baker P">PA Baker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Depuydt, A" uniqKey="Depuydt A">A Depuydt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Jm" uniqKey="Thompson J">JM Thompson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Wh" uniqKey="Kim W">WH Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahn, Hj" uniqKey="Ahn H">HJ Ahn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Cj" uniqKey="Lee C">CJ Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Bs" uniqKey="Shin B">BS Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, Js" uniqKey="Ko J">JS Ko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Sj" uniqKey="Choi S">SJ Choi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brodsky, Jb" uniqKey="Brodsky J">JB Brodsky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemmens, Hj" uniqKey="Lemmens H">HJ Lemmens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brock Utne, Jg" uniqKey="Brock Utne J">JG Brock-Utne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vierra, M" uniqKey="Vierra M">M Vierra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saidman, Lj" uniqKey="Saidman L">LJ Saidman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Hj" uniqKey="Schmitt H">HJ Schmitt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kirmse, M" uniqKey="Kirmse M">M Kirmse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Radespiel Troger, M" uniqKey="Radespiel Troger M">M Radespiel-Troger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krobbuaban, B" uniqKey="Krobbuaban B">B Krobbuaban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diregpoke, S" uniqKey="Diregpoke S">S Diregpoke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumkeaw, S" uniqKey="Kumkeaw S">S Kumkeaw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanomsat, M" uniqKey="Tanomsat M">M Tanomsat</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rose, Dk" uniqKey="Rose D">DK Rose</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Mm" uniqKey="Cohen M">MM Cohen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Juvin, P" uniqKey="Juvin P">P Juvin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lavaut, E" uniqKey="Lavaut E">E Lavaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dupont, H" uniqKey="Dupont H">H Dupont</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lefevre, P" uniqKey="Lefevre P">P Lefevre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Demetriou, M" uniqKey="Demetriou M">M Demetriou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dumoulin, Jl" uniqKey="Dumoulin J">JL Dumoulin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tse, Jc" uniqKey="Tse J">JC Tse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rimm, Eb" uniqKey="Rimm E">EB Rimm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hussain, A" uniqKey="Hussain A">A Hussain</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frerk, Cm" uniqKey="Frerk C">CM Frerk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Zh" uniqKey="Khan Z">ZH Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mohammadi, M" uniqKey="Mohammadi M">M Mohammadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rasouli, Mr" uniqKey="Rasouli M">MR Rasouli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farrokhnia, F" uniqKey="Farrokhnia F">F Farrokhnia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khan, Rh" uniqKey="Khan R">RH Khan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Turkan, S" uniqKey="Turkan S">S Türkan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ate, Y" uniqKey="Ate Y">Y Ateş</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cuhruk, H" uniqKey="Cuhruk H">H Cuhruk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tekdemir, I" uniqKey="Tekdemir I">I Tekdemir</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lasinska Kowara, M" uniqKey="Lasinska Kowara M">M Lasinska-Kowara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sulkowski, B" uniqKey="Sulkowski B">B Sulkowski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wujtewicz, M" uniqKey="Wujtewicz M">M Wujtewicz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chou, Hc" uniqKey="Chou H">HC Chou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Tl" uniqKey="Wu T">TL Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Randell, T" uniqKey="Randell T">T Randell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Savva, D" uniqKey="Savva D">D Savva</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Safavi, M" uniqKey="Safavi M">M Safavi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Honarmand, A" uniqKey="Honarmand A">A Honarmand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zare, N" uniqKey="Zare N">N Zare</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arne, J" uniqKey="Arne J">J Arne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Descoins, P" uniqKey="Descoins P">P Descoins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fusciardi, J" uniqKey="Fusciardi J">J Fusciardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrier, B" uniqKey="Ferrier B">B Ferrier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boudigues, D" uniqKey="Boudigues D">D Boudigues</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aries, J" uniqKey="Aries J">J Ariès</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Langeron, O" uniqKey="Langeron O">O Langeron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masso, E" uniqKey="Masso E">E Masso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huraux, C" uniqKey="Huraux C">C Huraux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guggiari, M" uniqKey="Guggiari M">M Guggiari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bianchi, A" uniqKey="Bianchi A">A Bianchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coriat, P" uniqKey="Coriat P">P Coriat</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, H" uniqKey="Gonzalez H">H Gonzalez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Minville, V" uniqKey="Minville V">V Minville</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delanoue, K" uniqKey="Delanoue K">K Delanoue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mazerolles, M" uniqKey="Mazerolles M">M Mazerolles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Concina, D" uniqKey="Concina D">D Concina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fourcade, O" uniqKey="Fourcade O">O Fourcade</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ezri, T" uniqKey="Ezri T">T Ezri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gewurtz, G" uniqKey="Gewurtz G">G Gewurtz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sessler, Di" uniqKey="Sessler D">DI Sessler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Medalion, B" uniqKey="Medalion B">B Medalion</name></author><author><name sortKey="Szmuk, P" uniqKey="Szmuk P">P Szmuk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hagberg, C" uniqKey="Hagberg C">C Hagberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hassani, A" uniqKey="Hassani A">A Hassani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kessell, G" uniqKey="Kessell G">G Kessell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Iohom, G" uniqKey="Iohom G">G Iohom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ronayne, M" uniqKey="Ronayne M">M Ronayne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cunningham, Aj" uniqKey="Cunningham A">AJ Cunningham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adamus, M" uniqKey="Adamus M">M Adamus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jor, O" uniqKey="Jor O">O Jor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vavreckova, T" uniqKey="Vavreckova T">T Vavreckova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hrabalek, L" uniqKey="Hrabalek L">L Hrabalek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zapletalova, J" uniqKey="Zapletalova J">J Zapletalova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gabrhelik, T" uniqKey="Gabrhelik T">T Gabrhelik</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Grèce</li></country><region><li>Attique (région)</li></region><settlement><li>Athènes</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Grèce"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chara, Liaskou" sort="Chara, Liaskou" uniqKey="Chara L" first="Liaskou" last="Chara">Liaskou Chara</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Anastasia, Trikoupi" sort="Anastasia, Trikoupi" uniqKey="Anastasia T" first="Trikoupi" last="Anastasia">Trikoupi Anastasia</name><name sortKey="Chryssoula, Staikou" sort="Chryssoula, Staikou" uniqKey="Chryssoula S" first="Staikou" last="Chryssoula">Staikou Chryssoula</name><name sortKey="Eleftherios, Vouzounerakis" sort="Eleftherios, Vouzounerakis" uniqKey="Eleftherios V" first="Vouzounerakis" last="Eleftherios">Vouzounerakis Eleftherios</name><name sortKey="Maria, Moirasgenti" sort="Maria, Moirasgenti" uniqKey="Maria M" first="Moirasgenti" last="Maria">Moirasgenti Maria</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Santé/explor/EdenteV2/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001C91 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 001C91 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Santé
|area= EdenteV2
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4050935
|texte= Anatomic features of the neck as predictive markers of difficult direct laryngoscopy in men and women: A prospective study
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:24963183" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a EdenteV2
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |  |